Compressed feed-ration.



NATHAN cnARYsHIvnRIcK, or OMAHA, NEBRASKA.

COMPRESSED FEED-RATION.

No Drawing.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NATHAN C. SHIVERICK, a citizen of the Umted States, residing at ()maha, county of Douglas, State of Ne- My invention relates to an improved. compressed feed ration particularly for drat't animals. I

The object of theinvention is such thatthe greatest amount of nut-riment may be packed for transportation in minimum bulk, and wherein the combination of the ration will be such that it' Will not deteriorate under Widely differing climatic conditions.

A. further object of the invention is the production of a feed ration whiclrshall be palatable as the natural'food stuff. and one in which the constituents are so treated as to be readilydigestible even where the food is bolted, and on the other hand,the

form of the ration is such-as to induce n'iastication.

In practising my invention, the. grain. oats, for eimmple, is crushed only sullicien'tly to exposethe grain kernel, but. not enough to detach the husk. The purpose of this step to render ,the grain ma digestible whether properly mastieated or'not. "A'tter crushing, the grain is heated to 212 F. or.

higher for approximately twenty hours. or srdliiziently long to expel all moisture in order that the grain will keep, uninn'iaired. After the heating operation, and while the grain'is entirely free of moisture, it is n iixed with hot molasses, which is boilingat 260 ll, but the heat must not be siiliicientto con-' vert the molasses intocaramel, and the boiling; is dismntinued.practically as soon as the i grain is llli'l'OtliitGfl. The proportions oi? the inintirre-aire preferably about 100 pounds ot outs to approximately gallons of molasses. measuredbefore boiling. The mixture is then cooled to a temperature of about.-

to 83. and is then subjected in quantities of about five pounds to a pressure of 'l'ron'i 1300 to 4000 pounds per square inch, the. number "of pounds depending upon the quantity to he fed. which varies with di'llerent aniu'ials and dii'l'erent kinds o'f work. As the mixture oi' grain and molasses goes into the press,

. about 'l ountenths of an ounce ol salt may be placed in one corner otlhe mold. to be pressed with and into the cake. which salt- .Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 4, 1911.

orator, may be adlled. although it' Serial no. 615,838.

may be used or thrown out when the ration is fed. The press may be oiled with raw linseed oil to preventstieking'. Some of the oil is absorbed by the outer surface of the cakes, thus rendering the same more proof against moisture. The linseed oil also has a food value. The cakes-s0 formed are then wrapped in moisture 'proot' paper, and pref-- erably packed under pressure in bales or boxes. or the like. The packing under pressure of particular advantage, as it practically eliminates swelling. The feed material thus treated will diminish in weight about. 20!}; and in bulk about 35%, and is particularly ad antageous in the transportation of food Tor grain eating animals. By the use of this ration the animal obtains the entire benefit of all the grain and of the, binding material. The forage so produced is in no sensean emergency rat'iom or a highly concentrated one. nor is it one made t'roi-n the by-produets ot then-rain or other material from which the best constituents have been extracted. One of the main objects of the ])I'U(lll(!il01l ot' the ration is to preserve intact the full food value oi. the grain, including both the grain kernel and the-husks:

llv crushing the grain sulliciently to split.

the husk-and expose l'l ic kernel. the action 0t the intestinaljuices is elleetwe even it mas-.

tie-ation is improperl wrt'ormerl. The boilineot. the molasses. and the mixing of the .g'ra in therewithut the coinparatircly high tom mrature for n eserrntive purposes only. and it is to be understooil that the mirriure is 'uot"intended. to be cooked in any sense. as it is permitted to boil torbut. a few seconds after the grain is added. I

Tn feeding the ration. a cake which is of suttieient size to (oustitute a meal-iserushed in the hands and fed dry. or. itdesired, a. small quantity. oralmut halt a i oi.

per-

leell palatahle without the water.

While l have herein spwitied"certain degrees of u mperatu're; proportions, and peri- ()(lFi of time. it is to be uinlerstood that my HIVQHtIIOll is not eonfinedto the par 'cular .data given, as the same may require iiiterm tion under dif'l'ermn climatic conditions.

hat T claim is:

The process of producing a eon'ipressed Feed ration. which comprises crushing the grain only sullieiently to split the hu k. but not to separatijthe same from the grain ker Patented July it o, ltfl li fi...

A the split grain, mlxing the split and dried grain with molasses heated to a temperature,

of a proximately 260 F., or below that at 5 whic it will caramelize, cooling the mixture and com ressing the cooled mlxture into a condenses cake or cakes. v 2. A feed ration comprising a basis of crushed and dried grain and heated but un- 10' caramelized molasses, the latter being distributed homogeneously throughout the basis, and the whole being ressed into a more 'or less solid cake, said cake being treated with linseed oil and wrapped in 15 moisture proof covering.

3. The process of producin a feed ration which consists in crushing the grain sufliciently to split the husk and-expose the grain kernel, mixing the split grain with molasses at a temperature just below that at 20 which molasses will caramelize, compress in the cold mixture into more or less solid ca es, and treating said eakes with linseed oil, wrapping the same 1n moisture proof coverings.

NATHAN CRARY SHIV-ERICK.

W ilnesses: v

JOHN A. WAGNER, JULIAN A. BENJAMIN. 

